One of the first things you should invest in as a photographer is a robust backup solution. It's always prudent to adopt a multi-pronged solution with on-site and off-site backups. If you're using a Mac, Time Machine is a great out-of-the-box solution for automatic on-site backups that you don't have to think about.
If you're using an iMac, Mac Mini or Mac Pro desktop computer, the experience is pretty seamless. You just have to leave a large external hard drive plugged in and the operating system will take care of the backups for you.
If you're using a portable MacBook/Air/Pro, then the experience is a bit more clunky. You have to remember to plug in the large external hard drive periodically overnight for backups to occur. Forgetting to plug the large external hard drive in for two weeks means you can potentially lose two weeks worth of data.
The true automatic solutions for portables came from either buying Apple's Time Capsule, connecting a hard drive/NAS to a router that officially/unofficially supports Time Machine, or runing macOS Server on a separate mac that is switched on 24/7.
Apple's Time Capsule has not been updated for years and I would not recommend buying one at this point. I've tried connecting a hard drive to several routers and have had two fail within a few months, maybe the fact that most of these routers do not allow the hard drives to go into an idle state has something to do with it – but I digress.
There is a bug in earlier macOS versions (prior to some macOS 10.13.4 –that's High Sierra) that causes Time Machine issues–so that could be the problem. If Time Machine continues to fail, you could also use a third-party application like Carbon Copy Cloner or SuperDuper.
These are new in macOS High Sierra. It triggers a Time Machine backup whenever your Mac becomes idle. This is great if you use your machine for disk-heavy work, like maybe movie editing,. I used the migration assistant to try and install my backup files from a hard disk that was manually created (not using Time Machine) from my 2011 Macbook to a new High Sierra Macbook. I have a Macbook Pro running macOS High Sierra 10.13.3 which stopped being able to do a Time Machine backup on two distinct network shares. One of those server is running macOS 10.13.3 and the other is a Synology DS218+. I began using Time Machine and my very first backup had Yosemite. After a few backups I updated to High Sierra. Is there anything I need to do to my backup drive now that I am using High Sierra? From what I understand Time Machine uses the very first backup plus the information that changed since then to the restore date you select.
Apple has always provided an option to share a mounted hard drive as a Time Machine Disk if you had macOS Server running on the host Mac. Thankfully that functionality is now integrated into High Sierra.
You can use any Mac that is preferably permanently switched on at home for this. I will be referring to this Mac as the 'Hub Mac' for the rest of this guide. All the other Macs that are going to be backing up to the Hub Mac will be called the 'Satellite Macs.
I've recently purchased an iMac that plays the role, but you can use any other Macs, included old MacBooks that may be lying around unused.
Step 1: Erase the external hard drive
You'll want to make sure the drive is formatted correctly before proceeding.
- Connect the external hard drive that you want to use as a shared Time Machine Drive to the Hub Mac
- Open Disk utility in Applications -> Disk Utility.
- Select the correct volume that you want to erase.
- Click Erase.
- Make sure format is set to 'Mac OS Extended (Case-sensitive, Journaled)'. You can name it whatever you want.
- Click Erase.
Step 2: Set up a local Time Machine backup
If you need the Hub Mac to be backed up to this hard drive on Time Machine, you'll want to set it up before adding the Satellite Macs. Note that you cannot encrypt the backup as doing so will encrypt the entire drive. If you require encryption, consider backing up to a separate hard drive.
- Open System Preferences -> Time Machine.
- Select the disk and click 'Use Disk'. Your Hub Mac will now use the disk as a Time Machine backup volume.
Step 3: Set the drive as a shared Time Machine drive on the Hub Mac
This step uses the new feature on macOS High Sierra.
- Create a folder called 'Shared Time Machine' on the drive
- Open System Preferences -> Sharing.
- Make sure that File Sharing is checked.
- Click Options and make sure 'Share files and folders using SMB' is checked
- Click on ‘+' under ‘Shared Folders'.
- Select the 'Shared Time Machine' folder and click ‘Add'. You should now see it under ‘Shared Folders'.
- Ctrl + Click (right click) on the drive you just added and select ‘Advanced Options'.
- Check ‘Share as a Time Machine backup destination'. Enter a limit if you want, this will be a total limit for all the Satellite Macs that you will be connecting.
- Click OK.
Step 4: Set up Time Machine on the Satellite Macs
- Open System Preferences -> Time Machine
- Click on ‘Select Disk…' and you should see the folder you shared in Step 3. Select the disk.
- You can switch on encryption if you'd like by checking 'Encrypt Backup' as this will only create a sparse volume on the shared folder and not encrypt the entire drive. You can have a mixture of Satellite Macs that have encrypted and unencrypted backups.
- Click Use Disk. Your Satellite Mac should start backing up to the Time Machine folder in the Hub Mac.
Dos and Donts
- Don't share the root folder of the drive in Step 3 as you might run into permission issues.
- If asked to authenticate when connecting to the Hub Mac, use the username and password of your account on the Hub Mac.
- Do not convert an unencrypted backup to an encrypted one and vice-versa. I ran into a situation where the backup size just kept increasing with no end. Take note that you can have a Mac backup to several Time Machine drives at any given time. On top of the Shared drive you just set up, you can also plug in a USB or Thunderbolt drive periodically. I leave an external drive at my parents' place just for this.
I use a 3.5' Seagate 8TB drive (external powered) connected to my iMac, the external power adapter isn't an issue as it remains on the desk all the time. It also has a built-in USB hub with two ports which is very handy for front facing ports. Do note that this drive generates some noise, so if you cannot stand noise, I would suggest placing it behind or under your iMac using a Twelve South Backpack or Twelve South HiRise stand.
I also have a 2.5' Seagate 4TB drive (USB-powered) that I use for remote backups. I also have another one left at my parents' place.
If you're looking for a solid desktop computer as an editing workhorse and a Hub Mac, I strongly recommend the Apple 27' iMac (2017). Its 5120×2880 DCI-P3 screen is an absolute joy to use, and the latest models allow you to hook up an additional 5120×2880 LG Display, giving you 2 5K displays!
This setup works best if you have the Hub Mac connected your network via Ethernet or a separate 5GHz network. I use a Netgear X6 router that has two separate 5GHz networks, one for my Hub Mac and another for my Satellite Macs for maximum wireless backup speeds.
I hope this makes your Time Machine experience on your MacBook/Air/Pro a much more seamless one, no more having to remember to connect and disconnect drives for backups!
If you've found this guide useful, please consider using my links below if you'd like to purchase the gear mentioned in this article.
Use Time Machine, the built-in backup feature of your Mac, to automatically back up your personal data, including apps, music, photos, email, and documents. Having a backup allows you to recover files that were deleted, or that were lost because the hard disk (or SSD) in your Mac needed to be erased or replaced. Learn how to restore your Mac from a backup.
Create a Time Machine backup
To create backups with Time Machine, all you need is an external storage device. After you connect the storage device and select it as your backup disk, Time Machine automatically makes hourly backups for the past 24 hours, daily backups for the past month, and weekly backups for all previous months. The oldest backups are deleted when your backup disk is full.
Connect an external storage device
Connect one of the following external storage devices, sold separately. Learn more about backup disks that you can use with Time Machine.
- External drive connected to your Mac, such as a USB or Thunderbolt drive
- Network-attached storage (NAS) device that supports Time Machine over SMB
- Mac shared as a Time Machine backup destination
- AirPort Time Capsule, or external drive connected to an AirPort Time capsule or AirPort Extreme Base Station (802.11ac)
Time Machine Backup Failed High Sierra
Select your storage device as the backup disk
- Open Time Machine preferences from the Time Machine menu in the menu bar. Or choose Apple menu > System Preferences, then click Time Machine.
- Click Select Backup Disk.
- Select your backup disk from the list of available disks. To make your backup accessible only to users who have the backup password, you can select 'Encrypt backups'. Then click Use Disk:
If the disk you selected isn't formatted as required by Time Machine, you're prompted to erase the disk first. Click Erase to proceed. This erases all information on the backup disk.
Time Machine Backup Failed High Sierra
Enjoy the convenience of automatic backups
After you select a backup disk, Time Machine immediately begins making periodic backups—automatically and without further action by you. The first backup may take a long time, but you can continue using your Mac while a backup is underway. Time Machine backs up only the files that changed since the previous backup, so future backups will be faster.
To start a backup manually, choose Back Up Now from the Time Machine menu in the menu bar. Use the same menu to check the status of a backup or skip a backup in progress.
Learn more
- Learn about other ways to back up and restore files
- If you back up to multiple disks, you can press and hold the Option key, then choose Browse Other Backup Disks from the Time Machine menu.
- To exclude items from your backup, open Time Machine preferences, click Options, then click the add (+) button to add an item to be excluded. To stop excluding an item, such as an external hard drive, select the item and click the remove (–) button.
- If using Time Machine to back up to a network disk, you can verify those backups to make sure they're in good condition. Press and hold Option, then choose Verify Backups from the Time Machine menu.
